• total anticholinergic load

ARS, the Anticholinergic Risk Scale

Rudolph JL, Salow MJ, Angelini MC, McGlinchey RE. The anticholinergic risk
scale and anticholinergic adverse effects in older persons. Arch Intern Med. 2008
Mar 10;168(5):508-13. doi: 10.1001/archinternmed.2007.106. PubMed PMID: 18332297.

ADS, the Anticholinergic Drug Scale

Carnahan RM, Lund BC, Perry PJ, Pollock BG, Culp KR. The Anticholinergic Drug
Scale as a measure of drug-related anticholinergic burden: associations with
serum anticholinergic activity. J Clin Pharmacol. 2006 Dec;46(12):1481-6. PubMed
PMID: 17101747.

DBI-ACH, the Drug Burden Index anticholinergic subscale

Hilmer SN, Mager DE, Simonsick EM, Cao Y, Ling SM, Windham BG, Harris TB,
Hanlon JT, Rubin SM, Shorr RI, Bauer DC, Abernethy DR. A drug burden index to
define the functional burden of medications in older people. Arch Intern Med.
2007 Apr 23;167(8):781-7. PubMed PMID: 17452540.

ACB, the Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden

Boustani M, Campbell N, Munger S, Maidment I, Fox C. Impact of anticholinergics on the aging brain: a review and practical application. Aging Health. 2008;4:311–20.

SAA, serum anticholinergic activity

SAMS, Summated Anticholinergic Medications Scale

Hanlon JT, Boudreau RM, Roumani YF, Newman AB, Ruby CM, Wright RM, Hilmer SN, Shorr RI, Bauer DC, Simonsick EM, Studenski SA. Number and dosage of central
nervous system medications on recurrent falls in community elders: the Health,
Aging and Body Composition study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2009
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19196642; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2657172.

Gray SL, Anderson ML, Dublin S, Hanlon JT, Hubbard R, Walker R, Yu O, Crane
PK, Larson EB. Cumulative use of strong anticholinergics and incident dementia: a
prospective cohort study. JAMA Intern Med. 2015 Mar;175(3):401-7. doi:
10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.7663. PubMed PMID: 25621434; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4358759

指標の比較

Pont LG, Nielen JT, McLachlan AJ, Gnjidic D, Chan L, Cumming RG, Taxis K.
Measuring anticholinergic drug exposure in older community-dwelling Australian
men: a comparison of four different measures. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2015
Nov;80(5):1169-75. doi: 10.1111/bcp.12670. Epub 2015 Jul 6. PubMed PMID:
25923961; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4631189.

Narayan SW, Hilmer SN, Horsburgh S, Nishtala PS. Anticholinergic component of
the Drug Burden Index and the Anticholinergic Drug Scale as measures of
anticholinergic exposure in older people in New Zealand: a population-level
study. Drugs Aging. 2013 Nov;30(11):927-34. doi: 10.1007/s40266-013-0111-y.
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